Immunologic Control by Oral Vaccines of Diarrheal Disease Due to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and shigella
Abstract
Travelers' diarrhea in several different clinical forms represents an important source of morbidity and loss of efficiency in United States military personnel who are deployed in less-developed areas of the world. The most important etiologic agent of travelers' diarrhea is enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, while the major cause of dysentery is Shigella. Research has continued to develop safe immunizing agents to prevent these infections of military importance. A candidate vaccine consisting of a non-enterotoxigenic E coli that bears fimbrial colonization factors CS1 and CS3 was shown to stimulate markedly prominent SIgA anti-fimbrial antibodies in intestinal fluid after administration of a single oral dose. We have extensively tested the safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of a Shigella sonnei/Salmonella typhi bivalent attenuated vaccine (strain 5076-1C). Two lots of this vaccine prepared at Forest Glen provided highly significant protection against challenge with pathogenic S. sonnei in studies in volunteers. A third lot failed to provide significant protection. Studies are underway to determine the factors that must be present to assure potency of this promising vaccine and to eliminate lot-to-lot variability in efficacy. Keywords: Immunization; Oral vaccine; Genetically engineered vaccine; Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Sep 01, 1986
- Accession Number
- ADA178309
Entities
People
- Myron M. Levine
Organizations
- University of Maryland, Baltimore