An Analysis of Geopotential Effects on Satellite Constellations.

Abstract

Current plans for systems to be used for ballistic missile defense sometimes call for using satellites that are placed so as to form a constellation that can continuously monitor specified areas of the Earth's surface or direct weapons against attacking missiles and warheads. This study analyzes the relative motion between satellites within such a constellation under gravitational perturbations caused by the Earth's equatorial bulge (oblateness). Relative motion is calculated using a system of equations which describes the variation of relative orbital elements between two satellites. The cases studied simulate the position of two satellites that are located within a constellation containing ten orbits with ten satellites in each orbit. The orbits investigated were all circular with altitudes ranging from 300 km to 1000 km and inclinations ranging from 40 degrees to 80 degrees. Range between the satellites was oscillatory with deviations from the average range of up to 5 km. The results vary only slightly with changes in orbital inclination or altitude. These results show that the relative motion between satellites in a low altitude constellations caused by the Earth's oblateness does not significantly affect the initial geometry of the constellation. Keywords: Circular orbits; Satellite constellations; Satellite networks; Spacecraft trajectories; Relative motion of spacecraft. (Theses)

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 01, 1986
Accession Number
ADA179507

Entities

People

  • Mark J. Buechter

Organizations

  • Air Force Institute of Technology

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Artificial Satellites
  • Ballistic Missiles
  • Circular Orbits
  • Computer Programs
  • Engineering
  • Equations
  • Equations Of Motion
  • Geometry
  • Geopotential
  • Low Altitude
  • Orbital Elements
  • Relative Motion
  • Satellite Constellations
  • Satellite Networks
  • Spacecraft
  • Weapons

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science/Meteorology
  • Marksmanship and Weaponry.
  • Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) Technology.

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Orbital Debris
  • Space - Satellites