Species Profiles. Life Histories and Environmental Requirements of Coastal Fishes and Invertebrates (South Florida). STONE CRAB,
Abstract
Species profiles are literature summaries on the taxonomy, morphology, range, life history, and environmental requirements of coastal species. They are designed to assist in environmental impact assessment. The stone crab, Menippe mercenaria, is among the top 10 commercial marine species in Florida, valued at $4.9 million in 1980 to 81. It also supports a substantial sport fishery. Mating occurs primarily in late autumn spawning peaks during early and late summer. Spawning activity is associated with temperatures above 20-22 C, and inhibits female molting. Larvae are planktonic and sensitive to the combined effects of lower temperature and reduced salinity; optima are suggested at about 30 C and 30-35 ppt. Estuarine dependence is not definitively established for stone crabs, but the greatest concentrations of adults are adjacent to non-barrier, marsh or mangrove coastlines. Juvenile habitat requirements are not well known. Growth is most rapid for juveniles, and slows with sexual maturity in year II. Adult molt frequency, and consequently growth, is favored by temperatures hear 28 C and salinities approaching full seawater. Stone crabs are omnivorous and particularly prey on assorted mollusks. Keywords: Substrate requirements.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Mar 01, 1984
- Accession Number
- ADA180394
Entities
People
- Michael J. Marshall
- William J. Lindberg
Organizations
- University of Florida