Back-of-the-Envelope Problems.

Abstract

Back-of-the-envelope problems call for approximate calculations of quantities that can be related to information in a person's knowledge but are not solved precisely. They therefore provide an opportunity for study of processes and role of general knowledge in ill-defined problem solving. Subjects with advanced and intermediate knowledge in different domains provided protocols solving back-of-the-envelope problems within and outside their fields of special knowledge. Their protocols were interpreted using a set of distinctions provided by Schoenfeld (1985). A model that simulates important aspects of the observed performance was developed by extending FERMI, a model of general problem-solving methods. An important feature of expert performance was the ability to use domain-specific knowledge in the service of general problem-solving methods. General methods of problem solving were similar across subjects who differed in knowledge. At the same time, expert knowledge probably provided guidance in solutions.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jul 01, 1987
Accession Number
ADA184105

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  • Joyce L. Moore

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  • University of California, Berkeley

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