Mechanism of Chemical Action and Treatment of Cyanide Poisoning
Abstract
This contact was concerned with the development , validation, and use of a coincubation system composed of hepatocyte monolayer cultures and erythrocytes in suspension in the culture medium for study of cyanide and antidotal mechanisms and for preliminary screening of newer antidotes. We developed a simple apparatus that was convenient and inexpensive to use. We found that KCN addition to the medium depressed O2 consumption and related functional parameters (ATP, ATP/ADP, and urea synthesis) in rat hepatocytes selectively as expected and at concentrations that were relevent to those that produced analogous effects on liver tissues of rats given the toxin in vivo. Effects of short term exposures to cyanide or by adding known cyanide in the cultures were reversible by replacing the medium with one containing no cyanide or by adding known cyanide antidotes directly to the medium. Thus, addition of 4-dimethylaminophenol, cobalt (II) chloride, sodium nitrite, sodium thiosulfate, or a combination of the last two antidotes to the medium reversed KCN-induced depression of hepatocyte ATP in a concentration-dependent manner. Keywords: Potassium cyanide; Cytotoxicity, Hepatocyte erythrocyte; Coincubation system; Methemoglobin; Antidotal mechanism.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Aug 01, 1986
- Accession Number
- ADA186759
Entities
People
- Charles A. Tyson
Organizations
- SRI International