Upper-Thermospheric Observations and Neutral-Gas Dynamics at High Latitudes During Solar Maximum.

Abstract

The objective of this theses was to understand the neutral gas dynamics in the high latitude regions of the Earth's upper thermosphere. An understanding of the morphology of the neutral winds and the forces which drive or modify them. A unique 70 orbit December solstice dataset was established, which included satellite neutral winds and other supporting data from Dynamics Explorer 2 (DE-2), with coverage of both polar caps during the same orbit. Analysis of this data led to the characterization of four basic high latitude neutral-wind signature categories for each hemisphere under various interplanetary-magnetic-field (IMF) configurations. Furthermore, sunward neutral winds on the duskside of the polar cap, resulting from the mapping of the twin cell ion convection onto the neutral gas through ion-neutral collisions, were well established in all cases. However, the dawnside sunward neutral winds were not as well established. The existence of a small region of dawnside neutral winds was noted in the winter northern hemisphere, but was usually absent in the summer southern hemisphere. Analysis of the individual neutral gas forces for solar-maximum December-solstice from the NCAR thermospheric general circulation model (TGCM), led to the realization that the polar cap pressure gradient force in the winter northern hemisphere had a different orientation than in the summer southern hemisphere, resulting in the observed dawnside neutral-wind signatures. The variations in the orientation of the polar cap pressure gradient forces in opposite hemispheres were ascribed to temperature gradients, resulting from a superposition of solar EUV, Joule and cusp heating, as well as density variations.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 1987
Accession Number
ADA188058

Entities

People

  • Christopher R. Tschan

Organizations

  • Air Force Institute of Technology

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Space
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Artificial Satellites
  • Boltzmann Equation
  • Boundary Layer
  • Data Analysis
  • Databases
  • Electron Density
  • Grids
  • Ionization
  • Magnetic Fields
  • Magnetic Storms
  • Measurement
  • Solar Activity
  • Solar Wind
  • Space Sciences
  • Stratified Fluids
  • Two Dimensional

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Space/Atmospheric Physics.

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster
  • Space - Orbital Debris