Studies of the Biological and Molecular Basis of the Inhibition of Activity of Phagocytic Cells by Anthrax Toxin

Abstract

The primary effect of anthrax toxin on polymorphonclear neutrophils (PMN) is the inhibition of priming by bacterial products, as represented by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and by muramyl dipeptide, a synthetic mitogen to bacterial peptidoglycans. Priming increases superoxide release and enzyme exocytosis of PMN after simulation with chemotactic peptide; inhibition of priming by prior treatment with toxin reduces these critical antimicrobial functions. These observations could explain the major contribution of the toxin to virulence of Bacillus anthracis. Priming inhibits chemotaxis of PMN; inhibition of priming by LPS present as a contaminant evidently is responsible for the apparent stimulation of chemotaxis by prior treatment of PMN with toxin. Priming is mediated by factors released from platelets and probably other cells by bacterial products.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 1988
Accession Number
ADA194645

Entities

People

  • George G. Wright

Organizations

  • University of Virginia

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Abstracts
  • Bacterial Toxins
  • Biology
  • Biomedical Research
  • Cell Physiological Processes
  • Cells
  • Federal Law
  • Granulocytes
  • Inhibition
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • Monitoring
  • Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils
  • Superoxides
  • Technical Information Centers
  • Tissue Culture
  • Tissue Culture Cells
  • Universities

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Immunology and Pathology
  • Microbial Pathology