Early Jet Engines and the Transition from Centrifugal to Axial Compressors: A Case Study in Technological Change

Abstract

The transition from centrifugal-flow compressors to axial-flow compressors in the jet engines of the late 1940's and early 1950's provides an illuminating case study of the evolutionary nature of technological change. A look at the development of the turbojet in light of engineering design reveals that incremental changes came about in response to changing needs. The iterative nature of engineering design, whereby a designer repeats a step until he arrives at an acceptable solution, allows the designer to take into account new needs and new information. The first two turbojets, invented independently in England and Germany in the mid-1930's, both used centrifugal compressors. The inventors built upon the two hundred year-old tradition of centrifugal-flow turbomachinery to design a successful turbojet compressor. In contrast, all attempts at designing and building an axial-flow compressor prior to the twentieth century failed. Yet, researchers in four different countries persisted in their efforts because of their faith in the potential of the axial compressor to produce a higher pressure ratio at a better efficiency than the centrifugal compressor. Theses.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 1988
Accession Number
ADA198775

Entities

People

  • Brian J. Nichelson

Organizations

  • Air Force Institute of Technology

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Ground and Sea Platforms

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Aircraft Industry
  • Aircrafts
  • Airframes
  • Axial Flow
  • Boundary Layer
  • Business Administration
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • Engineers
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Fluid Flow
  • Gas Turbines
  • Heat Transfer
  • Hydrodynamics
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Rotor Blades (Turbomachinery)
  • Turbojet Engines

Fields of Study

  • Engineering

Readers

  • Aerodynamics.
  • Military History of the United States in the 20th Century.
  • Systems Analysis and Design