Origin, Physical, and Mineralogical Nature of Red Clays: The Pacific Ocean Basin as a Model. (Geo-Marine Letters, An International Journal of Marine Geology. Volume 8, Number 4, 1988)
Abstract
Extensive examination of North Pacific Basin red clays by scanning and transmission electron microscopy reveals that the mean constituent of the red clays are illite-rich argillaceous or shale clasts, quartz an d authigenic smectite. The main source of the shale clasts and quartz are aeolian in nature and are derived mainly from African and Asian shales. Illite-rich argillaceous or shale clasts are identifiable by their morphology (high degree of roundness), selected area diffraction, and their unique fracture and differentiation of illite-rich shale clasts from other clays, including detrital illite, kaolinite, and smectite. Geotechnical examination of the red clays indicate that they are overconsolidated: the preconsolidation stress is in all cases larger than the vertical effective stress. The overconsolidation is attributed to the strong bonding of argillaceous or shale clasts, quartz and other particulate matter by x-ray amorphous and well developed crystalline sheets of authigenic smectite characterized by high surface activity.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jan 01, 1988
- Accession Number
- ADA204994
Entities
People
- Richard H. Benneth
- William R. Bryan
Organizations
- United States Naval Research Laboratory