Dealing with Uncertainty in Chemical Risk Analysis

Abstract

For a given chemical there are usually several methods for estimating the risk. Each method is based on different assumptions. The arguments are plentiful for each method, but which method best estimates the risk? Choosing one method over another could lead to faulty risk estimates, thus the traditional methods have been very conservative to avoid underestimating the risk. With advances made in pharmacokinetics the EPA as come under pressure to re-evaluate its procedure for assigning risk. Which method or methods should be used and how much emphasis should be placed on each one? This study decomposes the various methods into their corresponding assumptions. A tree diagram is generated to describe the combinations of assumptions that make up each unit risk method. A subjective weight is assigned to each assumption (branch of the tree) to characterize its validity in estimating the risk. From this a weighted average of risk is calculated. A procedure is recommended for combining expert opinion when several experts are utilized in assigning the subjective weights. Two examples involving Methylene Chloride and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin illustrate the decomposition method of estimating chemical risk. Keywords: Toxicology, Toxic hazards, Tree diagrams, Uncertainty, Chemical risk, Combining subjective probabilities, Carcinogens, Methylene chloride, Dioxin, Unit risk, Theses.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 01, 1988
Accession Number
ADA206082

Entities

People

  • David S. Clement

Organizations

  • Air Force Institute of Technology

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Chlorides
  • Cognition
  • Computers
  • Delphi Method
  • Ecology
  • Environmental Protection
  • Hazardous Waste
  • Hazardous Waste Sites
  • Health Services
  • Metabolism
  • Probability
  • Probability Distributions
  • Risk
  • Risk Analysis
  • Toxic Hazards
  • Toxicology

Readers

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Aviation Safety Risk Assessment.