Characterization of Substituted Phenol-Formaldehyde Resins Using Solid-State Carbon-13 NMR
Abstract
Crosslinked substituted phenol formaldehyde resins were synthesized from cashew nut shell liquid, 3-n-pentadecylphenol and phenol with formaldehyde. The resulting resins were crosslinked and then investigated using carbon-13 NMR in the solid state using cross-polarization, magic angle spinning, and dipolar decoupling. Comparisons were made between the spectra of pure phenol- formaldehyde and modified phenol-formaldehyde resins and it was shown possible to distinguish between the resins. It was also shown that the proton-dephased spectrum gave better spectral resolution for the substituted compounds. In addition the solid carbon-13 technique verified that the degradation of the substituted phenolic resins occurs first with the degradation of the side chain in agreement with suggestions from earlier work. Keywords: Polymers; Composites; Resins; Friction material; Nuclear magnetic resonance.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- May 22, 1989
- Accession Number
- ADA208745
Entities
People
- Brijnaresh R. Sinha
- Daniel T. O'Connor
- Frank D. Blum