Chemical Characterization and Toxicologic Evaluation of Airborne Mixtures: Chemical Characterization of Colored Signal Smokes
Abstract
The chemical compositions of four colored smoke mixes, red, violet, green, and yellow, have been characterized to assess possible changes in composition due to the combustion of these materials as smoke grenades. The smoke mixes and combusted products were fractionated using high performance liquid chromatography and then characterized using combined gas chromatography/ mass spectroscopy, direct probe mass spectrometry and laser desorption Fourier transform mass spectrometry. Structures were confirmed using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The red and violet smoke mixes appeared to undergo more extensive chemical transformation than the green and yellow grenades. Two of the components in the combusted violet smoke mix have previously been shown to exhibit bacterial mutagenicity. Keywords: RA 3, Solvent red 1, Disperse red 11, Disperse blue 3, Solvent green 3, Solvent yellow 33, Red smoke grenade, Violet smoke grenade, Yellow smoke grenade, Green smoke grenade, Combustion product, Particulates of combustion product, Vapor phase of combustion product, Toxicity.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Dec 01, 1988
- Accession Number
- ADA209379
Entities
People
- C. Y. Ma
- M. V. Buchanan
Organizations
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory