Chemical and Photochemical Reactivity in Microemulsions and Waterless Microemulsions

Abstract

Relatively little attention has been paid to molecular aggregation phenomena in structured nonaqueous solvents compared to that devoted to such process in aqueous media. This paper is a review concerning our work with formamide in place of water. The following observations showed that formamide has sufficient cohesive force to favor molecular aggregation: 1) critical micellar concentrations (c.m.c.) were determined with various ionic and non- ionic surfactants; 2) the phase diagram of CTAB in formamide shows two mesomorphic phases closely resembling those found in aqueous systems; 3) X-ray scattering demonstrated the presence of molecular aggregates, and gave an indication of their structure, and 4) a variety of microemulsions were prepared in formamide. Such non-aqueous microemulsions represent valuable media for synthetic purposes. For example, Diels-Alder reactions, photoamidation of olefins, and the Wacker process can be carried out readily in such media. The observed discontinuities in reaction selectivity indicate the presence of structured phases.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 07, 1989
Accession Number
ADA211776

Entities

People

  • A. Lattes
  • M. T. Maurette

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Advanced Electronics
  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Alcohols
  • Alkenes
  • Aqueous Solutions
  • Chemical Reactions
  • Conductivity
  • Contracts
  • Cyclic Hydrocarbons
  • Dielectric Permittivity
  • Discontinuities
  • Hydrocarbons
  • Hydrogen
  • Mixtures
  • Oxidation
  • Rocket Oxidizers
  • Scattering
  • X Ray Scattering
  • X Rays

Fields of Study

  • Chemistry

Readers

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Polymer Science and Technology
  • Systems Analysis and Design