Effects of Explosions in Underground Magazines
Abstract
Equations were developed to predict standoff distances from accidental explosions in magazines sited in rock. The ground threat to adjacent chambers is considered as well as the airblast which vents through the portal. The equations relate freefield motion to geometrical effects (for cylindrical chambers), explosive coupling properties of the medium, and type and quality of explosives. A dimensionless equation was developed which delineates the upper bound of external airblast pressure as a function of the exit pressure, access tunnel diameter and distance. The experimental program was conducted with a 1:75-scale model of an underground magazine which was loaded with various explosive quantities. Measurements include airblast pressure/time outside the model, strain and particle acceleration at different distances from the magazine in the simulated rock (a cement grout). Estimated particle velocities at adjacent chambers were derived from the free-field acceleration and strain data. A spall criterion was used to estimate safe separation distances to prevent sympathetic detonation in adjacent chambers. Details of the tests and data are presented. Keywords: Ammunition; Explosives safety; Ammunition/explosives storage; Underground storage.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Oct 01, 1989
- Accession Number
- ADA214436
Entities
People
- Charles E. Joachim
- Dennis R. Smith
- Gordon W. Mcmahon
- Landon K. Davis