Schema-Based Theories of Problem Solving

Abstract

The objective of this research is to construct a schema-based model of problem solving to represent construction of equations for solving algebra word problems. The research summarized in this report is concerned with the selection, use, and description of instructional examples. Experiment 1 shows that mathematical experience was beneficial for improving the selection of good analogies when the analogies are isomorphic to the test problems, but was not beneficial when the analogies are more inclusive than the test problems. In Experiment 2 students were able to effectively combine information from two analogous problems but did significantly worse when combining information form one example and a set of procedures. The last three experiments required that students categorize motion problems according to whether the two distances in a problem should be equated, added, or subtracted. Categorization significantly improved as the number of training examples representing a category increased from one to four (Experiment 3). Categorization was also significantly better when students received both specific and general descriptions of the examples than when they received only a single description (Experiment 4). However, as shown in Experiment 5, students were unable to form their own general descriptions by comparing similar examples. (RRH)

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Nov 01, 1989
Accession Number
ADA216717

Entities

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  • Stephen K. Reed

Organizations

  • San Diego State University

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  • Human Systems

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  • Accidents
  • Air Force
  • Arithmetic
  • Calculus
  • Classification
  • Cognition
  • Cognitive Science
  • Equations
  • False Alarms
  • Instructional Materials
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  • Mathematics
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  • Education

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  • Business Analytics
  • Computational Modeling and Simulation
  • Graph Algorithms and Convex Optimization.