Effects of Frequency, Temporal, and Spatial Averaging on Image Interference

Abstract

This report describes a significant phenomenon affecting the propagation of underwater sound at ranges less than 1000 yards, the image interference or Lloyd-mirror effect. Previous models for the effect do not adequately take into account the effects of frequency averaging and spatial averaging due to sea surface roughness and finite source size. These refinements on the basic theory are developed here. Also a clarification of the meaning of the surface reflection coefficient is given for the case of omnidirectional sources and receivers -- the situation that prevails in ship radiated-noise trials.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 01, 1988
Accession Number
ADA222501

Entities

People

  • Paul T. Arveson

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Ground and Sea Platforms

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Acoustics
  • Bandwidth
  • Computer Programs
  • Computers
  • Data Storage Systems
  • Detectors
  • Equations
  • Frequency
  • Frequency Bands
  • Geometry
  • Hydrophones
  • Mass Storage
  • Materials Engineering
  • Measurement
  • Scattering
  • Surface Roughness
  • Waves

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science / Meteorology, specifically Wind Wave Turbulence.
  • Image Processing and Computer Vision.
  • Theoretical Analysis.