Rg Waves as a Depth Discriminant for Earthquakes and Explosions in New England

Abstract

Fundamental mode Rayleigh waves with periods between about 0.4 and 2. 5 sec (Rg) are often observed on seismograms of explosions and very shallow- focus earthquakes. This study investigates Rg waves generated by small earthquakes and explosions in New England to evaluate the extent to which Rg waves can be used to estimate depth. The strongest Rg signals recorded in New England are generally in the period range of 0.5 to 1.5 sec. In that period range, Rg displacement is essentially confined to the upper 5 km of the crust, with most of the Rg wave energy in the upper 2 or 3 km. Sources deeper than about 4 km would not be expected to generate strong Rg signals at these periods; and so, if Rg can be clearly identified on a seismogram, the source is most likely very shallow. Thus observed Rg waves can be used to discriminate very shallow-focus events from deeper events, provided that Rg can be identified and distinguished from other phases. A method for identifying Rg waves at distances up to about 170 km is presented in this report. Rg is identified and distinguished from other phases by measuring amplitudes at particular periods and arrival times using a narrow bandpass filter analysis. Rg/P and Rg/Lg ratios are estimated by forming the ratios of amplitudes in the appropriate group velocity-frequency windows. An Rg/Lg ratio appears to be a better measure of the presence of Rg on a seismogram than an Rg/P ratio.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 10, 1990
Accession Number
ADA224266

Entities

People

  • Alan. L. Kafka

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Abstracts
  • Air Force
  • Earth Sciences
  • Earthquakes
  • Geography
  • Geological Surveys
  • Geology
  • Geophysics
  • Massachusetts
  • New England
  • New York
  • North America
  • Physics
  • Planetary Sciences
  • Statistical Analysis
  • Statistics
  • United States

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

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  • Seismology