Three-Dimensional Sound Propagation in Shallow Water Including the Effects of Rough Surfaces

Abstract

A three-dimensional parabolic equation (3DPE) that handles wide angles in the vertical, narrow angles in the azimuth, and rough ocean surfaces and bottoms is derived. The 3DPE is solved numerically using the method of alternating directions. Surface roughness is accounted for by a reflection coefficient that depends on grazing angle. Calculations are presented to illustrate the rough surface model and to demonstrate that azimuthal diffraction can be important in shallow water. The ability of the 3DPE to accurately handle azimuthal diffraction is demonstrated with a benchmark calculation. Algorithms for improving the efficiency of 3DPE models are discussed. Reprints.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 1990
Accession Number
ADA224711

Entities

People

  • Michael D. Collins
  • Stanley A. Chin-bing

Organizations

  • United States Naval Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Acoustic Waves
  • Acoustics
  • Diffraction
  • Elastic Waves
  • Grazing Angles
  • Grids
  • Losses
  • Plane Waves
  • Radiation Patterns
  • Reflection
  • Seabed
  • Shallow Water
  • Three Dimensional
  • Transmission Loss
  • Two Dimensional
  • Waves
  • Wide Angles

Readers

  • Canine Service Warrior Training Program for Wounded Warriors in the Veterinary Industry, Supported by Donors.
  • Computational Modeling and Simulation
  • Wave Propagation and Nonlinear Chaotic Dynamics.