Ablative Heat Shield Studies for NASA Mars/Earth Return Entry Vehicles

Abstract

A material that behaves likes a glassy ablator on the surface, has a low thermal conductivity, is structurally tough, lightweight, and is in some sense reusable, would be desirable for the protective heat shield used on Earth entry vehicles. A material for this purpose has been developed that uses silicon dioxide (fused quartz) in a fibrous packed matrix, forming blocks which can behave as a glassy ablator on the surface when subject to very high surface heat fluxes. These fibrous silicon dioxide blocks are called Reusable Surface Insulation (RSI). The primary constituent of the RSI material is silicon dioxide, but may contain other compounds (e.g. alumina borosilicate) to affect the thermal and physical properties. The research performed in this thesis is to determine the ablative behavior of ceramic RSI materials in a hypersonic high enthalpy flow that is used to simulate entry into Earth atmosphere. Actual arc jet experiments were performed to measure mass loss, melt run off, and fiber collapse of these materials and compare the experimental results with predicted theoretical values. The tests were performed to ascertain if RSI type materials could be used for entry vehicles proposed in NASA Mars missions.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 01, 1990
Accession Number
ADA238159

Entities

People

  • Michael K. Hamm

Organizations

  • Naval Postgraduate School

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Ground and Sea Platforms

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Ablation
  • Ablative Materials
  • Cameras
  • Electron Microscopy
  • Heat Energy
  • Heat Of Fusion
  • Heat Transfer
  • Latent Heat
  • Measurement
  • Melting
  • Phase Transformations
  • Photographs
  • Pyrometers
  • Scanning Electron Microscopy
  • Silicon Dioxide
  • Thermal Conductivity
  • Thermodynamics

Readers

  • Reinforced Composite Materials
  • Space Exploration and Orbital Mechanics.
  • Thermal Physics or Thermal Science.

Technology Areas

  • Hypersonics
  • Hypersonics - Hypersonic Flight
  • Hypersonics - Hypersonic Flow
  • Microelectronics
  • Microelectronics - Graphene