Computational Techniques for Probabilistic Inference

Abstract

The objectives of this research project were to develop pragmatic and theoretically sound methods for the computation of probabilistic information within expert systems. We explored the use of Bayesian belief networks as a probabilistic representation. We implemented and evaluated several previously described belief-network inference algorithms that perform exact inference, as well as developing a hybrid algorithm and a new algorithm. Our conclusion is that no single algorithm is best for all inference problems. Moreover, our analysis revealed that the belief-network inference problem is NP-hard. Thus, it is unlikely we can develop an exact algorithm that is uniformly efficient (polynomial time) across all networks and inference problems. This led us to investigate special-case and approximation algorithms, as well as methods for controlling multiple algorithms in solving a single inference problem. Our investigation indicates that moderately complex expert systems based on belief networks can be constructed using these current methods. The development of improved methods for controlling the application of multiple inference algorithms is likely to allow tractable inference in increasingly complex expert systems based on belief networks. The construction of complex belief networks also presents significant challenges. We developed automated and semi-automated knowledge-acquisition techniques which show significant promise in preliminary tests.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Nov 30, 1991
Accession Number
ADA244814

Entities

People

  • Edward H. Shortliffe
  • Gregory F. Cooper

Organizations

  • Stanford University

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Algorithms
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Artificial Intelligence Software
  • Bayesian Networks
  • Computational Complexity
  • Computational Science
  • Computer Languages
  • Computer Programs
  • Computer Science
  • Computers
  • Databases
  • Expert Systems
  • Information Science
  • Machine Learning
  • Probabilistic Models
  • Probability
  • Reasoning

Fields of Study

  • Computer science

Readers

  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Neural Network Machine Learning.
  • Operations Research

Technology Areas

  • AI & ML
  • AI & ML - Bayesian Inference
  • AI & ML - Machine Learning Algorithms