Infrared Clutter Measurements of Marine Backgrounds

Abstract

Observations in the infrared wavelength band between 8 and 12 microns of sea backgrounds have been recorded with a CCIR compatible imager for a large number of sea states (0-6). Recordings took place in coastal regions as well as on open seas. The behavior of clutter in the infrared data was analyzed in space and in time. Clutter values are analyzed to give estimates for the physical appearance of the sea, such as wave structure. Elevation profiles are evaluated for sea state characteristics and show that the variation of the RMS with elevation (-dRMS/d epsilon) decreases with increasing sea state number. Infrared sequences are used to derive periods in the RMS clutter values and to derive time constants of about 1 second for the images in the sequence to become uncorrelated. A constant azimuthal wave velocity is found from the radiance images. Sunglint images were recorded with FEL-TNO's Multi Path Transmissometer Radiometer (MPTR) simultaneously in six wavelength bands at 0.6, 0.8, 1.3, 2.1, 4.0 and 10.0 microns in coastal areas. The presented images are very similar in all six bands with a pattern width of 8.8 deg. The elevation averaged profiles are well fitted by a Gaussian pattern. Characteristic hotspot duration times were estimated to be 0.15 to 0.20 seconds. The spectral correlation is investigated and found to be present only on a global scale.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 01, 1991
Accession Number
ADA245422

Entities

People

  • P. B. Schwering

Organizations

  • Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Abstracts
  • Air Temperature
  • Calibration
  • Clutter
  • Electronics Laboratories
  • Elevation
  • Engineering
  • Gray Scale
  • Infrared Images
  • Low Elevation
  • Measurement
  • Optics
  • Phase Shift
  • Physics
  • Simulations
  • Solar Radiation
  • Two Dimensional

Readers

  • Atmospheric Remote Sensing.
  • Mathematics or Statistics
  • Space/Atmospheric Physics.

Technology Areas

  • Space