Sensory Sensitivities and Discriminations and their Roles in Aviation

Abstract

(1) Evidence that intersubject differences in the ability to process MD shape are not predicted by the ability to process luminance-defined (LD) shape, that motion is processed in a hierarchical manner. (A) Reducing presentation duration or dot lifetime from 1.0 to 0.1 sec progressively reduced the visibility of a MD bar, but did not reduce orientation discrimination for the bar when visibility was held constant. (B) Detection and/or recognition of MD letters can be degraded by removal of brain tissue underlying prestriate cortex without affecting contrast sensitivity, Snellen acuity, low contrast acuity or sensitivity to motion. (2) Human subjects have excellent ability to process camouflaged MD shapes. (3) The human visual pathway is directly sensitive to the time to collision with an approaching object. We have modelled this processing, and report a method for measuring intersubject differences in discrimination of time to contact. (4) By recording the magnetic field of the brain we have identified an audio-visual integration area in the brain. (5) We have developed a technique for measuring intersubject differences in susceptibility to glare, and are using it in prospective study of flying safety. Also, the test quantifies visual status in cataract patients. (6) Our motion- defined letter test is now freely available, and we are using it in a prospective study of helicopter flying safety. Also, it detects damage hidden to acuity, motion and contrast sensitivity tests in patients with ocular hypertension, amblyopia and multi sclerosis. vision; visual flying skills; intersubject differences; visual navigation; perception of motion and self- motion; stereo; neuromagnetic recording; models of visual & auditor processing; multisensory convergence.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 31, 1991
Accession Number
ADA247165

Entities

People

  • D. Regan

Organizations

  • University of York

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Age Groups
  • Air Force
  • Brain
  • Color Vision
  • Detection
  • Eye Diseases
  • Magnetic Fields
  • Measurement
  • Medical Personnel
  • Neural Pathways
  • Ophthalmology
  • Parkinson'S Disease
  • Psychology
  • Rotary Wing Aircraft
  • Sensation
  • Three Dimensional
  • Visual Perception

Readers

  • Vision Science/Vision Psychology/Cognitive Neuroscience.