Concept Learning and Heuristic Classification in Weak-Theory Domains

Abstract

This paper describes a successful approach to the task of concept learning for heuristic classification. This task differs from the usual concept learning task in three ways. First, classifications must be explained, not simply reported. Second, a program for this task must accommodate incomplete case descriptions. Third, the program must learn domain-specific knowledge for inferring case features needed for classification. Section 2 summarizes this learning and classification task. The traditional approach to concept learning and classification relies on generalizations. It requires a strong domain theory both to summarize training cases with concept descriptions and to classify new cases using these descriptions. Section 3 argues that this approach is ineffective for many domains. An alternative approach relies on exemplars. concepts are learned by retaining exemplars, and new cases are classified by matching them with exemplars. Our learning and classification program, Protos, uses the exemplar-based approach. Section 4 describes Protos's design and its appropriateness for weak-theory domains. To evaluate the design, Protos was applied to the task in clinical audiology of identifying a patient's hearing disorder from symptoms, test results, and history. An expert clinician instructed Protos with 200 cases - a level of training comparable to that received by student clinicians.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 01, 1990
Accession Number
ADA248064

Entities

People

  • Bruce W. Porter
  • Ray Bareiss
  • Robert C. Holte

Organizations

  • University of Texas at Austin

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Autonomy
  • C4I

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Abstracts
  • Accuracy
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Artificial Intelligence Computing
  • Computer Languages
  • Computer Science
  • Computers
  • Ear Diseases
  • Health Services
  • Hearing Disorders
  • Hearing Loss
  • Language
  • Lisp Programming Language
  • Machine Learning
  • Students
  • Test And Evaluation
  • Training

Fields of Study

  • Computer science

Readers

  • Applied Combinatorial Optimization and Logic Circuit Design.
  • Business Analytics
  • Neural Network Machine Learning.

Technology Areas

  • AI & ML