The Influence of a Free Surface on the Development of Turbulence in Submerged Jet

Abstract

Radar images of the ocean surface made when surface ships are moving within the imaged area reveal distinctive surface signatures attributed to the interaction of the turbulent wake of the ship with the free surface. In order to study the behavior of turbulence near a free surface, the flow in a round, turbulent jet issuing beneath and parallel to a clean free surface was investigated experimentally. A three-component Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV) was used to make detailed measurements of the mean flow velocity and Reynolds stress tensor throughout the flowfield. Surface shadowgraphs and Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) were used to visualize features of the free surface deformations and the subsurface flowfield. The jet Reynolds number, U sub e d/v approximates 12,7000, and Froude number, U sub e/(gh)(1/2) approximates 5.66, were comparable to those of the jet flow investigation of Bernal and Madnia, 1988. Large-scale turbulent structures within the jet generated surface waves that were observed to propagate nearly perpendicular to the jet axis. Measurements of the wavelength and wave speed from shadowgraph images showed these waves to be gravity-capillary waves.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 01, 1990
Accession Number
ADA250989

Entities

People

  • Douglas G. Anthony

Organizations

  • University of Michigan

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Ground and Sea Platforms

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Computers
  • Coordinate Systems
  • Data Acquisition
  • Engineering
  • Flow Visualization
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Fluid Flow
  • Froude Number
  • Laser Beams
  • Laser Induced Fluorescence
  • Lasers
  • Measurement
  • Reynolds Number
  • Synthetic Aperture Radar
  • Three Dimensional
  • Turbulent Mixing
  • Velocimeters

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science / Meteorology, specifically Wind Wave Turbulence.
  • Combustion and Flow Dynamics.
  • Fluid Dynamics.

Technology Areas

  • Directed Energy