Ionized Cluster Beams for Space Propulsion

Abstract

Ionized clusters formed from atomic or molecular gases possess higher mass than the heavy inert-gas ions presently used as propellants in electrostatic ion-propulsion systems; this study has investigated the possibility of using these heavy clusters in an electrostatic thruster to permit operation in the intermediate range of specific impulse (1000 to 2000 s) in which there is a need for efficient electric propulsion. Clusters are formed when gases expand through a supersonic nozzle; when a low-mass carrier gas such as hydrogen or helium is added, a large fraction of the heavier thrust gas emerges in the form of clusters. In our experiments, over 90% of carbon dioxide (mixed with hydrogen) formed clusters with typically 250 constituent molecules. These clusters can be ionized with comparably high efficiency and then accelerated electrostatically to provide thrust. Our experiments showed that additional study is needed in several areas, the most critical of which is find means to reduce the amount of carrier gas required.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 07, 1992
Accession Number
ADA251807

Entities

People

  • W. Knauer
  • W. S. Williamson

Organizations

  • HRL Laboratories

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Current Density
  • Electric Propulsion
  • Electron Emission
  • Electrons
  • Energy
  • Gas Flow
  • Hydrogen
  • Ion Propulsion
  • Ion Thrusters
  • Measurement
  • Partial Pressure
  • Propulsion Systems
  • Space Charge
  • Space Propulsion
  • Specific Heat
  • Stagnation Pressure
  • Vapor Pressure

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Aerospace Propulsion Engineering.
  • Plasma Physics.

Technology Areas

  • Hypersonics
  • Hypersonics - Hypersonic Flight
  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster