Temporal and Qualitative Decomposition of Plausible Reasoning

Abstract

The goal of this work is to detail the temporal course of information integration during plausible reasoning, with a focus on: (1) the component processes in terms of their time-courses and information content; (2) the degree to which reasoning consists of modular (autonomous, independent, informationally encapsulated) stages of processing; and (3) how components of reasoning are drawn together to eventuate in a single answer to a reasoning problem . The first year of this work has involved three relevant lines of inquiry: (1) Conceptual Combination. The set of studies in this area demonstrated that claims by Springer and Murphy (1992) to the effect that conceptual combination takes place such that initial components of the combination are not activated and processed separately, are not supported. (2) Reasoning and Categorization. These studies have demonstrated that evidence from Rips (1989) that categorization can take place based on reasoning as well as on similarity, seems to be true, but only under conditions where the informational basis for categorization is quite sparse and when the subject is aware that his/her basis for the categorization must be defended. (3) Modularity and Discourse Finally, a claim by Marslen-Wilson and Tyler (1987) purporting to demonstrate an important lack of modularity of processing during discourse/sentence comprehension was examined in detail utilizing a more sensitive task than they employed. With the use of this technique, it was demonstrated that modularity between semantic and syntactic information was maintained during this (particularly critical) stage of language processing.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 15, 1992
Accession Number
ADA253031

Entities

People

  • David A. Swinney
  • Edward E. Smith

Organizations

  • City University of New York

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Human Systems

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Air Force Facilities
  • Cognition
  • Decomposition
  • Diameters
  • Ecology
  • Language
  • Linguistics
  • Materials
  • Natural Language Processing
  • Natural Languages
  • New York
  • Psychology
  • Reaction Time
  • Reasoning
  • Targets
  • Visual Targets

Readers

  • Artificial Intelligence