Direct Manipulation and Intermittent Automation in Advanced Cockpits

Abstract

Increasing use of automation in computer systems, such as advanced cockpits, present special challenges in the design of user interfaces. The challenge is particularly difficult when automation is intermittent because the interface must support smooth transitions from automated to manual mode. A theory of direct manipulation predicts that this interface style will smooth the transition. Interfaces were designed to test the prediction and to evaluate two aspects of direct manipulation: semantic distance and engagement. Empirical results supported the theoretical prediction and also showed that direct engagement can have some adverse effects on another concurrent manual task. Generalizations of our results to other complex systems are presented. Direct manipulation, Adaptive automation, Intelligent cockpit, Interface style, Intermittent automation, Interface design, Aircraft interface.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jul 21, 1992
Accession Number
ADA253814

Entities

People

  • Constance L. Heitmeyer
  • James A. Ballas
  • Manuel A. Perez

Organizations

  • United States Naval Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Biomedical
  • Human Systems
  • Space
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Adaptive Systems
  • Aircrafts
  • Automation
  • Cognition
  • Cognitive Workload
  • Commercial Aviation
  • Computers
  • Control Systems
  • Human Factors Engineering
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Human-Machine Interfaces
  • Information Processing
  • Information Systems
  • Psychology
  • Situational Awareness
  • Unmanned Systems
  • User Interface

Readers

  • Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Dynamics.
  • Human-Computer Interaction (HCI).
  • Software Engineering.