Acute Inhalation Toxicity Effects of Explosively Disseminated - - XM82 Grenade - - Titanium Dioxide
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is the major component for a proposed training smoke grenade (XM82). The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists has classified TiO2 as a 'nuisance dust' with threshold limit value of 10 mg/m3 of total dust (<1% quartz). Adverse pulmonary effects from TiO2 occur only when lung clearance mechanisms are overwhelmed. The purpose of this study was to determine acute toxicological effects in rats exposed by inhalation to explosively disseminated TiO2 and the resultant by-products present in the aerosol. Groups of male, Fisher 344, rats were exposed by nose- only inhalation to three concentrations of TiO2 dust for 30 min. The highest concentration was used as the 'worst case' field concentration. Two other concentrations were selected to produce a 'no adverse effect' level. Air-exposed and fuse/fuel exposed rats served as controls. Exposed rats and respective groups of controls were submitted for bronchoalveolar lavage, biochemical, physiological, and pathological evaluations at 24-hr and 14-days post exposure. The results indicate there were no irreversible adverse changes in the biological response of the rats exposed to TiO2 from the XM82 grenade. Titanium Dioxide (TiO2), Inhalation, Dust, XM82 Grenade.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jun 01, 1992
- Accession Number
- ADA253895
Entities
People
- Jeffrey D. Bergmann
- John C. Carpin
- Roger J. Hilaski
- Sandra A. Thomson
- William T. Muse Jr.