Characterization of Explosives Processing Waste Decomposition Due to Composting
Abstract
Static pile and mechanically stirred composts generated at the Umatilla Army Depot Activity in a field composting optimization study were chemically and toxicologically characterized to provide data for the evaluation of composting efficiency to decontaminate and detoxify explosives-contaminated soil. Characterization included determination of explosives and 2,4,6- trinitrotoluene metabolites in composts and their EPA Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure Leachates, leachate toxicity to Ceriodaphnia Dubia and mutagenicity of the leachates and organic solvent extracts of the composts to Ames bacterial strains TA-98 and TA-100. The main conclusion from this study is that composting can effectively reduce the concentrations of explosives and bacterial mutagenicity in explosives - contaminated so,- , and can reduce the aquatic toxicity of leachable compounds. Small levels of explosives and metabolites, bacterial mutagenicity, and leachable aquatic toxicity remain after composting. The ultimate fate If the biotransformed explosives, and the source(s) of residual toxicity and mutagenicity remain unknown. Toxicity; RAIII; Composting; Characterization; Chemistry; Decontamination.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Nov 01, 1991
- Accession Number
- ADA257079
Entities
People
- A. J. Stewart
- C.-h. Ho
- Elcin Tan
- J. E. Caton
- K. S. Ironside
- R. L. Tyndall
- W. H. Griest
- W. M. Caldwell
Organizations
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory