Analysis of U. S. Military Mobilizations, Demobilizations, and Peacetime Force Maintenance From 1890 to 1991
Abstract
Military manpower management principles and policies are in constant flux as the military forces mobilize and demobilize during periods of war and peace. This study identifies trends in U.S. military manpower policies and procedures from 1890 to 1991. Major military conflicts reviewed are the Spanish- American War, World wars I and II, the Korean Conflict, the Vietnam War, and the Persian Gulf War. In all wars until Vietnam, post war active duty forces were larger than prewar forces. However, these active duty forces tended to be relatively small until the Cold War period. This tendency is driven by a combination of budget constraints and a U.S. aversion to maintaining large standing military forces. Before each major military conflict since 1890, active forces were maintained at minimum levels, thereby making mobilizations difficult and time consuming. After most of these wars, demobilizations were rapid, caused turmoil in the remaining force structures and reduced military effectiveness. Generally, the United States prefers to rely on volunteerism as its primary manpower procurement tool, however, conscription was implemented when volunteerism was insufficient to meet national needs.... History, Mobilization, Manpower, Military personnel.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Sep 01, 1992
- Accession Number
- ADA259533
Entities
People
- Gottfried Kloimwieder
- Noel P. Owen
Organizations
- Air Force Institute of Technology