Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Study to Determine the Efficacy of Topical Niclosamide 1% Lotion in the Prevention of Naturally Occurring Schistosoma haematobium Infection in Egyptian Farmers
Abstract
A randomized double-blind trial was conducted in Fayoum, Egypt, to assess the efficacy of twice-weekly application of 1% niclosamide lotion to prevent S. haematobium re-infection: Farmers aged 18-40 years were treated by praziquantel to cure their S. haematobium infection. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive niclosamide or placebo lotion which was self-applied, under observation, to limbs, neck and torso twice weekly for 26 weeks. Subjects were exposed to schistosomal infested water during routine irrigation activities from April to October 1992. Urine specimens were evaluated by the Nucleopore filtration method monthly during and 4 month following the lotion application period. Those included in the statistical analysis were free from S. haematobium ova in urine in the first 4 months after the start of lotion application. Three hundred and fifty subjects met the inclusion criteria and completed the trial, 169 (48.3 %) in the niclosamide group and 181 (51.7 %) in the placebo group. The subjects assigned to the niclosamide group were comparable to those in the placebo group in age (27.2 vs 27.8 years), total water contact (101.9 vs 109.0 hours), reported 98-100 % lotion application compliance (93.5 % vs 90.6 %) and reported no water contact involving whole body (94.7 % vs 96.7 %). The re- infection rate of S. haematobium based on the presence of ova in urine up to 12 weeks after cessation of lotion application was 30.8 % in the niclosamide and 28.2 % in the placebo group. The re-infection rates up to 16 weeks were 37.3% and 32.0% in the niclosamide and placebo groups, respectively. ... Field trial, Randomized double-blind study, Water contact exposure, Schistosoma haematobium, Niclosamide 1%, Fanners, Fayoum, Egypt.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jan 01, 1993
- Accession Number
- ADA267890
Entities
People
- J. K. Podgore
- R. R. Abu-elyazeed
Organizations
- Naval Medical Research Unit Three