A Surface Energy Budget Model Modifying Heat Flow by Foliage Effects
Abstract
Propagation of energy (either acoustic or electromagnetic energy) through the region of the atmosphere close to the earth's surface depends on estimates of the vertical structure of wind, pressure, temperature, humidity, and refractive index near the earth's surface. To help predict these vertical structures, the TGRAD model has been developed. The model is based on flux- profile methods, requiring simple meteorological inputs as functions of time. The model's original purpose was to predict the vertical temperature gradient profile, hence the name TGRAD. The TGRAD model has been compared against a predecessor model (the Deardorff model) and has proven to characterize the near- surface atmosphere much better under foliated conditions. It characterizes the daytime atmosphere well under all conditions studied. It characterizes the nocturnal atmosphere well until the critical Richardson number is reached. For stronger nocturnal inversions an approach is discussed that may be capable of treating these conditions. The principal improvement provided by this model is the development of sensible and latent heat flux equations that more accurately account for a surface layer partially covered by foliage.... Boundary layer, Surface energy, Budget, Foliage sensible heat
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jul 01, 1993
- Accession Number
- ADA268598
Entities
People
- David H. Tofsted
Organizations
- United States Army Research Laboratory