Solvent Acidity and Basicity in Polar Media and their Role in Solvation

Abstract

The acidic and basic properties of polar solvents are reviewed with attention focused on appropriate scales for estimating these important solvent parameters. It is shown that acidity and basicity scales can be related to the parameters arising in the mean spherical approximation for the Gibbs solvation energy of monoatomic cations and anions in polar solvents. Linear solvation energy relationships are used to analyze data for the Gibbs solvation energy of 1-1 electrolytes, the standard potentials of simple electrode reactions, and the solvent induced frequency shifts in the vibrational spectra of polar solutes. It is shown that, not only are solvent acidity and basicity important, but that macroscopic properties based on the solvents permittivity and refractive index also play a role in determining solvent effects.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 20, 1994
Accession Number
ADA278604

Entities

People

  • William Ronald Fawcett

Organizations

  • University of California, Davis

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Advanced Electronics
  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Alkali Metals
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Data Analysis
  • Dielectric Permittivity
  • Dielectric Properties
  • Electrodes
  • Electrons
  • Equations
  • Experimental Data
  • Frequency
  • Frequency Shift
  • Heat Of Reaction
  • New York
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Spectra
  • Statistical Analysis

Fields of Study

  • Chemistry

Readers

  • Electrochemical Surface Science
  • Plasma Physics / Magnetohydrodynamics
  • Theoretical Analysis.