Homeostatic Responses to Prolonged Cold Exposure: Human Cold Acclimatization

Abstract

This report reviews human physiological adjustments induced by chronic exposure to cold stress. Three broad types of adjustments are identified. The most commonly observed adjustment exhibited by humans chronically exposed to cold is a hypothermic habituation. Blunted shivering and vasoconstrictor responses to cold characterize this adjustment which enables maintenance of warmer skin during cold exposure. Metabolic acclimatization/ acclimation has been observed in which shivering response to cold becomes exaggerated. Insulative acclimatization/acclimation has also been observed in which persons chronically exposed to cold vasoconstrict cutaneous vasculature more readily. The factors determining which pattern of adjustment occurs remain unidentified, although a theoretical explanation is presented which is based on the intensity of the cold stress experienced. Cold, Acclimation, Metabolism, Insulation

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 01, 1994
Accession Number
ADA280234

Entities

People

  • Andrew J Young

Organizations

  • United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Biological Sciences
  • Body Composition
  • Body Temperature
  • Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena
  • Climate Change
  • Divers
  • Engineering
  • Environment
  • Genetics
  • Health
  • Heat Capacity
  • Heat Transfer
  • Medical Personnel
  • Military Research
  • Native Americans
  • Physicians
  • Tissues

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

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  • Immunology and Pathology

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  • Microelectronics