Environmental Studies on Open Burn/Open Detonation Disposal Sites. Transport and Fate of Nitroaromatic and Nitramine Explosives in Soils from Open Burning/Open Detonation Operations: Radford Army Ammunition Plant (RAAP)
Abstract
This report describes soil column experiments (task 1) used to study fate and transport of OB/OD residues within the upper 1 m of soil. (Terrestrial (task 2) and aqueous (task 3) toxicity studies are reported elsewhere.) Intact soil-cores were collected from Radford Army Ammunition Plant. Intact soil-cores were also collected from Anniston Army Depot, Milan Army Ammunition Plant, and Pueblo Army Depot; results of these three studies are reported elsewhere. Soil columns were housed in controlled-environment chambers, and each soil column was formulated to approximate the major OB/OD residues found at the respective sites. Synthetic rainwater was added to the columns twice weekly, and a controlled tension applied. Leachates were collected biweekly. Columns were analyzed at 3-month intervals through 9 months. Columns were cut into 2.5-cm transverse sections, and subsamples were air-dried, ground, and extracted. Extracts and leachates were analyzed by HPLC for explosives to reveal fate and transport behavior. Leachates contained no munition residues or transformation products (TP). TNT, TNB (TP), 2,4-DNT, 2,6-DNT 2-amino-DNT (TP), and 4-amino DNT (TP) all migrated vertically but <7.5 cm (3 in.) deep into the soil. Due to weathering, TNT, TNB, 2,4-DNT, and 2,6-DNT became bound within the soil A horizon.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Dec 01, 1993
- Accession Number
- ADA280606
Entities
People
- Carlton T. Phillips
- John C. Amos
- Michael A. Major
- Raphael O. Nwanguma
- Ronald T. Checkai
Organizations
- Edgewood Chemical Biological Center