Sorption-Desorption and Transport of TNT and RDX in Soils

Abstract

Batch and miscible-displacement experiments were conducted to determine the extent of adsorption-desorption and transport of 2,4,6- trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 2,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) in soils. A reference bentonite clay, contaminated (Kolin) soil from the Louisiana Army Ammunition Plant, and two uncontaminated soils were used. The TNT isotherm for bentonite clay was described equally well using linear, Freundlich, Langmuir and modified Langmuir models. TNT adsorption and desorption isotherms showed a lack of hysteric behavior, with TNT retention as a fully reversible mechanism. Transport results from bentonite clay columns indicated that TNT was a highly mobile contaminant and fully conservative in the presence of methanol as the background solution. Mobility of TNT was strongly retarded, with some 50% of the applied TNT retained in the bentonite clay column when 0.005-M Ca(NO3)2 was the background solution. Transport results in Norwood (fine silty) soil columns revealed that TNT was strongly retained in this low-organic-matter and low-clay- content soil. The use of a transport model with either Freundlich or linear retention and an irreversible mechanism predicted the TNT transport data well.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 01, 1994
Accession Number
ADA285570

Entities

People

  • H. M. Selim
  • Iskandar K. Iskandar

Organizations

  • Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Adsorption
  • Alcohols
  • Ammunition
  • Boltzmann Equation
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Cold Regions
  • Desorption
  • Dispersions
  • Engineering
  • Environmental Pollutants
  • Experimental Data
  • Explosives
  • Isotherms
  • Materials
  • Soil Science
  • Sorption

Readers

  • Agricultural Chemistry/Soil Science