Human Fluid Balance and Dehydration During Cold Weather Military Operations.
Abstract
Not unlike exposure to hot environments, exposure to the cold can disrupt body fluid balance. While the mechanisms responsible for cold-induced dehydration (i.e., cold diuresis, increased respiratory water loses, fluid losses associated with wearing bulky winter clothing, poor fluid availability/delivery, inadequate thirst sensation,etc.) are somewhat different than those for hot environments, the impact of the fluid imbalance is often quite similar. For example, cold-induced dehydration can negatively influence both physical and cognitive performance as well as disrupt normal thermoregulation. It is also thought that dehydration may increase the susceptibility to peripheral cold injuries. This paper reviews the literature regarding factors influencing body fluid balance in the cold as well as the impact of the fluid imbalance on soldier performance and mission accomplishment. Described are potential countermeasures for preventing or delaying body fluid imbalances in the cold, including recent advances in hyperhydration techniques.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Dec 01, 1994
- Accession Number
- ADA289192
Entities
People
- Beau J. Freund
- Michael N. Sawka
Organizations
- United States Army Medical Research and Development Command