A Review of Millimeter Wave Modeling,
Abstract
A survey was undertaken of models available for millimeter wave (MMW) scattering and emission from environmental features, particularly at 35 and 94 GHz. The ultimate objective was to identify validated models for implementation in scene generation tasks for the Smart Weapons Operability Enhancement Program. The ideal model would be based on first principles, would be readily available in facilitated software, and would have reasonable requirements in terms of computational resources and input parameters. At MMW frequencies, these requirements push the frontiers of current science and technology. In most applications, one must accept as a first approximation the approaches currently under development in research settings. This report reviews the basic methods and approaches underlying all available models in terms of volume scattering, treatment of surfaces and transitions, and the development of statistical quantities from rational physics. Very rough surfaces, locally steep surface slopes, and low angle incidence can rarely be treated successfully. Promise has been shown recently in using the Unified Perturbation Method to treat multi-scale ocean roughness in terms of pure surface scattering. Volume and combined surface/volume scattering and emission models are reviewed here for applications in vegetation, snow, and ice environments. Most are essentially works in progress, with theory and validation currently building from earlier work at C and X bands. Very sound capabilities are available for treatment of common atmospheric features, with recent progress in modeling more complex meteorological events.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- May 01, 1993
- Accession Number
- ADA289791
Entities
People
- Kevin O’neill
Organizations
- Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory