Assessment of Skin Penetration of Environmental Contaminants in Air and Bioremediated Soil Utilizing the Pig Skin Model.
Abstract
The percutaneous absorption of carbon-14 labeled trinitrotoluene (TNT) from various media (air, water, acetone and soil) and carbon-14 TNT or its degradation products from compost was determined using excised skin mounted in skin penetration-evaporation chambers. Appearance of label in tissue culture media was used to measure the steady state absorption rate of TNT from saturated air or water. Radiolabel recovered from the dermis and tissue culture media was used to determine percent absorption from acetone, soil and compost. Due to low vapor concentration, the absorption rate of TNT from saturated air was found to be insignificant. The permeability coefficient of TNT from saturated water was used to derive a theoretical absorption of 98% from soil, which over- estimated experimental values (3-4%). Absorption from acetone was 25% of applied dose. Percent absorption of radiolabel from compost (O.2-O.3%) was significantly lower than from soil. Skin absorption measurements in the live pig for soil (4%) and compost (1%) confirmed in vitro findings. In summary, the study demonstrated the value of the in vitro model to predict in vivo results. As measured by percutaneous absorption of radioactivity, the composting process significantly reduced the bioavailability of TNT or its degradation products in soils.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Apr 13, 1994
- Accession Number
- ADA290333
Entities
People
- William G. Reifenrath