Development and Testing of Improved Techniques for Modeling the Hydrologic Cycle in a Mesoscale Weather Prediction System.

Abstract

This project addresses the need to improve the surface hydrology component in mesoscale atmospheric prediction models and specifically the temperature and humidity forecasts. One way we did this was to initialize the mesoscale model with continuously updated and reasonable values of soil moisture content. To accomplish this task two approaches were taken one in which a soil hydrology model (SHM): Capehart and Carlson, 1994a) was used to update the initial values of soil water content in the BATS land surface component of the Penn State/NCAR mesoscale model (MM), specifically its most recent, non-hydrostatic version (Smith et al., 1994). The other approach was to use two remote sensing techniques to make better estimates of initial conditions. One of these techniques involved using radar reflectivity data to initialize the humidity field on the basis of existing convection ion which is specified from radar observations during a pre-forecast period. The other technique is to estimate the surface soil moisture availability using remote measurement of surface radiant temperature and vegetation index obtained via satellite and then to nudge the values of initial soil water content determined from the hydrology toward those values of initial soil water content determined from the hydrology toward those values estimated from the satellite measurements (Capehart and Carlson, 1994b). -BKA

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 01, 1994
Accession Number
ADA291243

Entities

People

  • J. M. Fritsch
  • Thomas T. Warner
  • Toby N. Carlson

Organizations

  • Pennsylvania State University

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Artificial Satellites
  • Availability
  • Convection
  • Data Sets
  • Databases
  • Humidity
  • Hydrology
  • Measurement
  • Meteorology
  • Moisture
  • Moisture Content
  • Observation
  • Remote Sensing
  • Surface Energy
  • Surface Temperature
  • United States

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Computational Modeling and Simulation
  • Environmental Remediation and Restoration.
  • Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Modeling, Data Assimilation, and Flux Boundary Layers

Technology Areas

  • Space