Bird Ingestion into Large Turbofan Engines.
Abstract
This final report contains findings from a study conducted by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) of bird ingestion into certain modern large high bypass turbofan engines. These engines were certificated to current FAA standards and are installed in A300, A310, A320, B747, E757, B767, DC10, and MD11 aircraft in commercial service worldwide. Data pertaining to 644 aircraft ingestion events were collected for the FAA during 1989-1991 by the principal engine manufacturers. Topics addressed in the report include characteristics of ingested birds (numbers, species, and weights), ingestion rates, airports, aircraft parameters (flight phase, altitude, speed, engine position), and ingestion events which pose a potential threat to aircraft safety (multiple-engines or birds, transverse fracture of fan blades, power loss). Using statistical methods, the data are analyzed to determine the influence of flight phase (departure or arrival), bird weight, and bird numbers (single or multiple-bird), both separately and in combination, on overall engine damage, fan blade damage, core damage, and other adverse effects on flight. A summary of all pertinent data from each ingestion is included in an appendix.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Feb 01, 1995
- Accession Number
- ADA293745
Entities
People
- Colin Goodall
- Howard Banilower
Organizations
- Federal Aviation Administration