Photoreceptors Regulating Circadian Behavior.

Abstract

In mammals circadian responses to light are regulated by photoreceptors within the eye. Aged rd/rd mice (80-800 days) show unattenuated circadian responses to light but lack visual responses, while rodless transgenic mice (which lose rods earlier in development) show increased circadian responses to light. These data indicate that rod photoreceptors are not required for photoentrainment, but the early loss of rods may affect the development of the entrainment pathway. Aged rds/rds mice, lacking rod and cone outer segments, show circadian photo-sensitivities indistinguishable from +/+ animals. The circadian system of aged rd/rd mice shows spectral responses that are consistent with the involvement of the known mouse cone opsins (green cone-511 nm; UV cone-359 nm). Low levels of both the green and UV cone opsin mRNA remain with the eyes of aged rd/rd mice. The subcutaneous eyes of the blind mole rat are used to regulate circadian responses to light. Preliminary data suggest that these eyes contain a single opsin that most closely resembles a green cone opsin. Collectively these data suggests that photoentrainment in mammals is mediated by cones. However, if the residual cones mediate circadian responses to light then very few are needed to maintain sensitivity and they do not require an outer segment.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 14, 1995
Accession Number
ADA295056

Entities

People

  • Russell G. Foster

Organizations

  • University of Virginia

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Animal Structures
  • Animals
  • Birds
  • Brain
  • Cells
  • Central Nervous System
  • Chemistry
  • Circadian Rhythms
  • Genetic Structures
  • Genetically Modified Organisms
  • Genetics
  • Light Pulses
  • Neurons
  • Neurosciences
  • Phase Shift
  • Physiology
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Chemistry (specifically Chemical Fluorescence)
  • Molecular and Cellular Biology
  • Vision Science/Vision Psychology/Cognitive Neuroscience.