Augmentation of Research on Cognitive Control.

Abstract

The influence of individual differences in working memory span (WMS) on comprehension of instructional text was examined. Results showed that readers across the range of WMS paid special attention to thematic statements when they read instructional texts. This was shown through longer reading times of sentences in the initial position of paragraphs. However, if comprehension of specific details was stressed by asking about details after each passage, then high WMS readers increased thematic processing in comparison to reading times obtained when the questions were asked about topics and details. Low WMS readers did not increase thematic processing when details were stressed. The increased thematic processing by high WMS readers was associated with better comprehension of both topics and details on a later surprise test of learning. Higher WMS may allow some readers to use integrative strategies not available to other readers. However, we obtained evidence that performance could be improved for low span readers by manipulating text characteristics. (AN)

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 25, 1995
Accession Number
ADA302003

Entities

People

  • Paul Whitney

Organizations

  • Washington State University

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • C4I
  • Human Systems

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Behavioral Sciences
  • Cognition
  • Comprehension
  • Computers
  • Educational Psychology
  • Information Processing
  • Language
  • Learning
  • Materials
  • New York
  • Oil Spills
  • Psychology
  • Reaction Time
  • Students
  • Text Processing
  • Training
  • Two Dimensional

Fields of Study

  • Psychology

Readers

  • Computational Linguistics
  • Database Systems and Applications
  • Theoretical Analysis.