Energetics of Late Chemical Reactions in Nonideal Underwater Detonations: Phase 1, Preliminary Theoretical Model Development.
Abstract
This report describes a preliminary model of kinetic and thermo-hydrodynamic processes that define the nonideal detonation of a totally nonideal explosive: an AP/Al mixture. Section 2 presents a thermo-hydrodynamic description of reactive explosive compositions containing aluminum and, in particular, a description of the nonideal detonation process in ammonium perchlorate/aluminum and CHNO explosive/Al compositions. The specific energy relationships for these reacting compositions were formulated with each component governed by its own equations of state. Mie-Gruneisen equations of state are derived, including the temperature, and used for the solid components, but the detonation products are treated as a polytropic fluid. Equations of state for steady-state detonation in AP and the prototype model for nonideal detonation in CHNO/Al composition are also presented. In Section 3 we present a theory describing the kinetic processes by which Al/Al2O3/AP products react. Key here is the application of the phenomenon of anomalously high ionic conduction, which are exhibited by the beta-aluminas, through 'tunnels' through which cations can move freely. This provides a plausible explanation of events in Al/explosive reactions. Statistical mechanical concepts are employed to provide reaction rate equations for Al and AP. The theoretical results of Sections 2 and 3 provides a preliminary physical model based on first principles, which will be integrated into a compressible flow code in the next phase of this work, which is to improve, extend, and validate the model.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Oct 01, 1995
- Accession Number
- ADA309088
Entities
People
- D. J. Pastine
- Julius W. Enig
- Michael Cowperthwaite