Tutoring: Guided Learning by Doing.
Abstract
Individualized instruction significantly improves students' pedagogical and motivated outcomes. In this paper, we seek to characterize tutorial behaviors that could lead to these benefits and consider why these actions should be pedagogically useful. This experiment examined students learning LISP programming with the assistance of a tutor. Tutoring sessions we audiotaped, allowing us to analyze every verbal utterance during the sessions and thereby identify the conversational events that led to pedagogical success. This discourse analysis suggests that tutors are successful because they take a very active role in leading the problem solving by offering confirmatory feedback additional guidance while students are on profitable paths and error feedback after mistakes. However, tutor carefully structure their feedback to allow students to perform as much of the work as possible while ensuring that problem solving stays on track These results suggest the types of strategies tutors employ to facilitate guided learning by doing.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jan 01, 1996
- Accession Number
- ADA309385
Entities
People
- Brian J. Reiser
- Douglas C. Merrill
- Shannon K. Merrill
- Shari Landes
Organizations
- Northwestern University