Peacetime Foreign Data Manipulation as One Aspect of Offensive Information Warfare: Questions of Legality under the United Nations Charter Article 2(4).
Abstract
Paper discusses the issue of whether manipulation of a foreign state's data may be considered to be the use of force against that country in violation of Article 2(4) of the U.N. Charter. The paper first reviews the different methods of interpreting treaties such as the U.N. Charter, then examines briefly whether Article 2(4) is still a valid norm under international law. The paper concludes that in certain circumstances data manipulation could be the use of force, but is more likely to be considered an intervention in the internal affairs of the foreign state than the use of force.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jun 14, 1996
- Accession Number
- ADA310926
Entities
People
- James N. Bond
Organizations
- Naval War College