Assessment of Edemogenic Effects with Cutaneous Sulfur Mustard Using the Mouse Ear Model.
Abstract
Mustard gas (bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide, HD) is a potent vesicant that rapidly penetrates the skin causing gross and microscopic pathological changes in humans. No definitive animal model produces elevated fluid-filled blisters (bullae) like those seen in human skin. Five dosages of HD (0.08, 0.16, 0.32, 0.64, or 1.28 mg) in methylene chloride (MeCl2 were applied to the inner surface of the right ears of male CD 1 mice (n=10/dosage). Methylene chloride only was applied to the inner surface of the left ears (vehicle control). At 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours post-exposure, 8 mm dermal skin punch specimens were taken from the center of exposed and control ears and weighed to determine fluid accumulation (edema). Skin punches were then fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin and stained with hematoxylin/eosin (H&E) for histopathological evaluation. A two way ANOVA on the percent of control edema weight found a significant dose by time interaction, implying that the responses to doses of HD differ with respect to time. Preliminary microscopic examination suggests that sulfur mustard produces tissue damage that is consistent with vesicant injury. Dose and time related edema increases in HD exposed mouse ear skin support the use of this model for studies involving medical countermeasures to cutaneous HD injury.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Nov 01, 1996
- Accession Number
- ADA323956
Entities
People
- Fred W. Stemler
- Lilia R. Castrejon
- Robert P. Casillas
- Robyn B. Lee
- Theresa M. Tezak-reid
Organizations
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense