In Vitro Effects of Ammonium Dinitramide.
Abstract
Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN) is a high-energy compound under study as a replacement for current rocket propellants. This study determined the basic in vitro toxicity, stress gene induction, and genotoxicity of ADN. First, liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured to estimate membrane integrity of WB 344 hepatocytes. ADN increased leakage of both these enzymes at all concentrations studied. Normalized EC50s were determined at percent of controls: ALT EC50 = 2.7mM and AST EC50 = 3.2mM. Next, to measure interactions of ADN with cellular regulatory transcription factors, genetically engineered human cell lines with fused human and bacterial stress-inducible genes were observed for the stress gene induction followed by ADN treatment. The stress reporter gene induction profile reflected that ADN induced the promoted sequences for all genes observed in the assay. Finally, assays to determine genotoxicity/mutagenicity of ADN were performed. These studies measured ADN's capability of damaging DNA, potentially giving rise to mutations and subsequent tumors. ADN exposed cells indicate that ADN has potential for directly affecting cellular DNA. This study is a vital part of the initial phase of toxicity testing and evaluation of ADN.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Mar 01, 1995
- Accession Number
- ADA324818
Entities
People
- K. W. Dean
- S. R. Channel
Organizations
- Armstrong Laboratory