Metabolic and Enzymological Studies of Sulfur-Dependent Marine Hyperthermophiles.

Abstract

The results from this study have provided the first insights into how hyperthermophilic organisms obtain energy from the metabolism of C and N compounds, and how this can be achieved at high temperatures. These organisms have unusual pathways based on the rarely-used element tungsten (W), which is present in the novel enzymes AOR, FOR and GAPOR. W is seldom used in biological systems, the analogous element, molybdenum (Mo), is virtually ubiquitous. We propose that W is much more suited to catalyze low potential reactions (such as those catalyzed by GAPOR, AOR and FOR) at extreme temperatures, and that such reactions could not be catalyzed by Mo-containing enzymes. We have cloned and sequenced the first genes for any W-protein, and the first genes for hyperthermophilic oxidoreductases. In addition, a new pathway for peptide metabolism as been proposed, again involving new types of enzyme, such as VOR, IOR and ACS. We also provided the first definitive model for the evolution of mesophilic oxidoreductases from hyperthermophilic enzymes, and the first crystal structure for a hyperthermophilic enzyme (AOR) was obtained, providing the first insights in to protein stability at extreme temperatures.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 01, 1996
Accession Number
ADA328613

Entities

People

  • Michael W. W. Adams

Organizations

  • University of Georgia Research Foundation

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Aldehydes
  • Amino Acids
  • Aromatic Amino Acids
  • Chemistry
  • Climate Change
  • Crystal Structure
  • Crystals
  • Elements
  • Enzymes
  • High Temperature
  • Keto Acids
  • Metabolism
  • Microorganisms
  • Molybdenum
  • Oxidoreductases
  • Personal Information Managers
  • Systems Biology

Readers

  • Molecular Genetics
  • Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry