Effect of Surface Tilting on Altimeter Wind Measurements.

Abstract

A two-scale surface roughness model is presented to interpret the backscattering of satellite radar altimeters. It is found that the tilting effect of long waves produces an attenuation of the radar backscatter cross section. The calculated attenuation factor is in excellent agreement with TOPEX/POSEIDON (referred to as TOPEX for brevity) measurements. Two major contributors to the tilting mechanism are the wind-generated waves with the wavelengths much longer than the radar wavelength, and the ambient waves generated elsewhere that propagate into the measurement region. Using the information of the wavenumber spectra of short capillary-gravity waves measured in the ocean and an estimate of the ambient tilting wave components from ocean buoy measurements, computations of the tilting mechanism are carried out. The calculated attenuation factor is in excellent agreement with TOPEX measurements. With the tilting effect accounted, the agreement improves significantly between the wind speeds derived from the TOPEX Ku-band altimeter and those from the collocated ocean buoys.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 17, 1997
Accession Number
ADA331237

Entities

People

  • David Wei Chi Wang
  • Gregg A. Jacobs
  • Paul Hwang
  • William J. Teague

Organizations

  • United States Naval Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Sensors
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Agreements
  • Altimeters
  • Backscattering
  • Computations
  • Computer Science
  • Diffraction
  • Electromagnetic Scattering
  • Frequency
  • Gravity Waves
  • Ku Band
  • Measurement
  • Ocean Waves
  • Radar Altimeters
  • Scattering
  • Spectra
  • Surface Roughness
  • Waves

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science / Meteorology, specifically Wind Wave Turbulence.
  • Coastal Oceanography
  • Radar Systems Engineering.

Technology Areas

  • Space